Identificación morfométrica de la especie predomínate de Varroa (Parasitiformes: Varroidae) en colonias de abejas en Hopelchén, Campeche
Resumen
A nivel mundial, la varroasis continúa siendo el principal problema sanitario en los sistemas de producción apícola, causando grandes pérdidas económicas; actualmente en la península de Yucatán se ha reportado la presencia de Varroa, sin embargo, se desconoce cuál de las 4 especies parasitan a las abejas Apis mellifera en el Estado de Campeche. El objetivo de esta investigación fue Identificar morfométricamente la especie predominante de Varroa (Parasitiformes: Varroidae) en colonias de abejas en Hopelchén, Campeche; para ello de 5 apiarios se evaluaron 61 colmenas, de cada una se colectaron de 200 a 300 abejas; para el análisis morfométrico, 244 ácaros fueron colocados en ácido láctico al 50% durante 2 horas a 100ºC, y posteriormente se midieron los segmentos en un micrómetro ocular. Los resultados indicaron que el 100% de los ácaros evaluados pertenecen a la especie de Varroa destructor, los conglomerados K medias indicaron diferencias intraespecíficas (P< 0.05) observándose 5 morfotipos de V. destructor, las variables que presentaron mayor variabilidad fueron ancho del escudo anal (P=0.001) y ancho del escudo genital (P=0.001). Se concluye que a pesar de que el 100% de los ácaros pertenecieron a V. destructor estos presentaron diferencias morfométricas intraespecíficas.
http://dx.doi.org/10.21929/abavet2022.21
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