Revisión sistemática de las diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas de contracepción en gatas

Cielo Toledo-Valdez, Ramón Rivera-Barreno, Ilse Talamantes-Lima, Jocelyn Bustos-Varela, Ricardo García-Herrera, Carlos Rodríguez-Alarcón

Resumen

En la clínica veterinaria, la cirugía contraceptiva es la más practicada en gatas. Sin embargo, no está establecido cuál técnica quirúrgica es la más adecuada. Con la finalidad disminuir el dolor posoperatorio, tiempo de recuperación, tiempo de cirugía y facilidad técnica para el cirujano, se han descrito diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas y variaciones de las mismas. Esto ha creado el dilema sobre la realización de ovariohisterectomía contra la ovariectomía; tipo de abordaje: línea media, lateral o laparoscópico; y método de ligadura del pedículo ovárico: bisturí harmónico, clips de plástico y titanio, electrocauterio bipolar, nudo pedicular y ligadura tradicional. Teniendo esto en cuenta, con el objetivo de establecer cuál es la cirugía contraceptiva más adecuada en gatas y apoyados en la medicina basada en evidencias, se realizó una revisión sistemática. Utilizando los buscadores Google Académico, Web of Science, PubMed y Scielo, con las siguientes variables a evaluar: dolor, tiempo y dificultad técnica. Se encontró que existe poca evidencia para establecer la superioridad de alguna técnica quirúrgica sobre otra y que la elección de la técnica quirúrgica debe de ser realizada en base al paciente, habilidades del cirujano y la disponibilidad de materiales.

Palabras clave

contracepción; gatas; ovariohisterectomía; ovariectomía; abordajes quirúrgicos

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