Microbiota vaginal y susceptibilidad quimioterapéutica en cabras criollas

Wilfrido Flores-Hernández, Gabriela Luna-Castro, Luz Peña-Avelino, Hugo Barrios-García, Jorge Alva-Pérez

Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la microbiota vaginal aerobia de cabras criollas, así como el perfil de susceptibilidad a quimioterapéuticos. Se tomaron muestras de mucosa vaginal de 51 hembras caprinas sanas en edad reproductiva mediante hisopos estériles. Las muestras fueron procesadas bajo técnicas de identificación bacteriológica estándar. Se obtuvo aislamiento bacteriano en el 41.2% de las muestras. Las bacterias aisladas con mayor frecuencia fueron cocos Gram positivos (GP) (65.6%), los géneros principales identificados fueron Staphylococcus spp. (31.2%) y Aerococcus spp. (21.9%). En cuanto a bacterias Gram negativas (GN), los aislamientos correspondieron a Escherichia coli (15.6%). Del perfil de resistencia a antibióticos los aislamientos de Aerococcus y Corynebacterium jeikeium, en proporción, fueron los más susceptibles a los antibióticos analizados contra bacterias GP. Los antibióticos con menor perfil de resistencia ante aislamientos GP fueron dicloxacilina, cefotaxima y ampicilina. Los aislamientos de E. coli mostraron ser altamente resistentes a todos los antibióticos probados (95%), siendo ciprofloxacina el antibiótico con menor resistencia (60%). Los hallazgos de este trabajo ponen de manifiesto la importancia de la microbiota vaginal en cabras criollas como agentes ecológicos con potencial patogénico, además de demostrar la alta resistencia de estas bacterias a agentes quimioterapéuticos.

Palabras clave

producción caprina; microbiota vaginal; susceptibilidad antimicrobiana

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