Lesiones ruminales en bovinos sacrificados en rastro

Alejandra Luna-Méndez, Abner Gutiérrez-Chávez, Mauricio Valencia-Posadas, Johnatan Ruíz-Ramírez, Alfredo Pérez-Guiot, Luis García-Márquez

Resumen

El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir los hallazgos macroscópicos y microscópicos encontrados en el rumen de bovinos sacrificados en la Procesadora Municipal de Carne de Colima, Colima, México. Las lesiones encontradas durante la faena se describieron macroscópicamente, posteriormente se fijaron en formalina amortiguada al 10% con pH 7.2, se procesaron con la técnica histológica de rutina y se tiñeron con hematoxilina-eosina (H-E). Se colectaron 100 rúmenes, así como datos de la procedencia, edad, sexo y especie de los animales. La información fue analizada con la prueba de independencia de Chi cuadrada y un análisis de regresión logística. El 98% de los bovinos presentaron al menos una de las siguientes lesiones: hemorragias, erosiones, úlceras, cicatrices, hiperqueratosis, degeneración hidrópica, rumenitis, linfangiectasia, una muestra presentó un papiloma y se encontró la presencia del protozoario Balantidium coli en el 30% de las muestras. Se encontró dependencia entre B. coli con la procedencia (P=0.046) y el sexo (P=0.041) de los animales. Las variables que fueron significativas (P=<0.05) en el análisis de regresión logística fueron las cicatrices, rumenitis, linfangiectasia y B. coli. Las lesiones encontradas interfieren con la absorción de nutrientes, pérdida de producción y productividad, así como la presencia de patógenos oportunistas que pueden representar un riesgo sanitario para animales y humanos.

Palabras clave

hiperqueratosis, rumenitis, Balantidium coli y acidosis ruminal

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