L-Arginina, Aspartato y Glutamato, y su relación con la reproducción de ovejas. Revisión

Fernanda Alvarez-Cardona, Griselda Maki-Díaz, Elena Franco-Robles, Said Cadena-Villegas, Antonio Hernández-Marín

Resumen

En la mayoría de los sistemas de producción pecuaria es importante optimizar la actividad reproductiva para aumentar la eficiencia productiva. Este indicador depende de factores ambientales como la nutrición, la cual regula el inicio de la pubertad, el desarrollo folicular ovárico, la calidad de los ovocitos y, como resultado, el desarrollo embrionario. La finalidad de las estrategias de nutrición animal es incrementar la eficiencia reproductiva, para obtener mejores ingresos económicos en la mayoría de los sistemas de producción pecuaria. Investigaciones recientes reportan que la suplementación dietética con aminoácidos específicos como arginina, glutamina, leucina, glicina y metionina tiene efectos beneficiosos sobre la supervivencia y el crecimiento embrionario y fetal mediante la regulación de la señalización clave y las rutas metabólicas. En los sistemas de producción ovina, suplementar por diferentes vías con aminoácidos neuroestimuladores como L-Arginina, aspartato y glutamato, mejora la eficiencia reproductiva en la hembra de una manera técnica y económica, en la cual se pretende eliminar la manipulación hormonal de los animales. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de la presente revisión de literatura es describir la función neuroestimuladora de los aminoácidos y conocer la respuesta neuroendócrina en el eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-ovarios en ovejas para mejorar las variables productivas y reproductivas.

Palabras clave

aminoácidos neuroestimuladores, neuroendocrinología, eficiencia reproductiva, gonadotropinas, ovinocultura.

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Referencias

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