Aumento da sobrevivência do camarão branco (Litopenaeus vannamei) infectado pelo vírus da mancha branca e alimentado com uma dieta suplementada com óleo de coco (Cocos nucifera)
Palavras-chave:
Coccus nuciferae, Litopenaeus vannamei, ácidos graxos, WSSV, imunoestimulantes, atividade antiviralResumo
O óleo de coco (Cocos nucifera) é considerado uma substância imunoestimulante natural contendo compostos bioativos com a capacidade de regular ou modificar a resposta imunológica e aumentar a resistência contra patógenos. Portanto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o óleo de C. nucifera suplementado na dieta como um potencial antiviral para reduzir a mortalidade causada pelo vírus da mancha branca (WSSV) na cultura do camarão Litopenaeus vannamei. Dois bioensaios foram realizados com camarões juvenis: o primeiro (20 dias) consistiu em I) alimentação comercial (AC); II) AC + 2,5% óleo de coco extra virgem (OCEV); III) AC + 5% OCEV e o segundo bioensaio (27 dias) com I) AC + WSSV; II) AC + 2,5% OCEV + WSSV; III) AC e IV) AC + 2,5% OCEV. No final, taxa de crescimento específico (TCE), sobrevivência, contagem total de hemócitos (CTH) e somente no bioensaio II foi determinada a prevalência do WSSV. Os resultados do TCE, CTH para ambos os bioensaios não mostraram diferenças significativas entre tratamentos, assim como a sobrevivência no bioensaio I. Entretanto, houve diferenças significativas entre tratamentos e sobrevivência no bioensaio II. Entretanto, houve diferenças significativas na sobrevivência no bioensaio II (p = 0,0030) entre o tratamento I (83,3%) e os demais tratamentos que apresentaram maiores sobreviventes. Conclui-se que os resultados da prevalência de WSSV no bioensaio II mostraram que a adição de 2,5% de OCEV na ração teve um efeito na diminuição da prevalência e carga viral de WSSV em jovens L. vannamei, entretanto, estes resultados não mostraram diferenças significativas com o resto dos tratamentos, não mostraram efeitos negativos em termos de sobrevivência e TCE, nem houve um efeito no CTH entre os tratamentos de ambos os bioensaios.
e2021-63
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