La ubre de la cabra: mecanismo de secreción láctea y síntesis de proteínas/grasas
Palabras clave:
glándula mamaria, leche de cabra, lipogénesis, proteogénesisResumen
En los últimos años, el cambio en la comercialización de la leche hacia una estructura de precios estandarizada a partir de los componentes lácteos ha puesto un mayor énfasis en la concentración lipídica y proteica sobre la cantidad de L o kg de leche producidos. En virtud de lo anterior, el contenido nutricional de la leche de cabra supera al contenido nutricional de la leche de vaca, en lo que respecta a proteínas y grasas, y son los lactocitos de la gandula mamaria caprina, quienes deben replicarse y sintetizar estos componentes lácteos. Por lo tanto, esta revisión considera de manera inicial la comprensión de la anatomía e histología de la glándula mamaria como responsable de todas las actividades vinculadas al mecanismo de eyección de la leche. El desarrollo de la glándula mamaria determina todos los aspectos del comportamiento celular, por lo que se revisa su desarrollo a través de cuatro etapas: i) mamogénesis, ii) lactogénesis, iii) galactopoyesis, y iv) involución. El resto de la revisión hace hincapié en la lipogénesis y la proteogenesis láctea, debido a sus diversas funciones dentro del metabolismo celular y la producción de la fracción lipídica y fracción proteica de la leche.
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