Revisión: Función y regresión del cuerpo lúteo durante el ciclo estral de la vaca

Carlos Aréchiga-Flores, Zimri Cortés-Vidauri, Pedro Hernández-Briano, Gilberto Flores-Flores, Fabiola Rochín-Berumen, Eduardo Ruiz-Fernández

Resumen

El cuerpo lúteo (CL) es una estructura ovárica que produce progesterona para mantener la gestación, inicia su crecimiento a partir del tercer día de iniciado el estro creciendo hasta el décimo octavo día. Sí, el CL es fertilizado la formación del embrión producirá el interferón τ (IFN-τ) sustancia responsable del reconocimiento materno de la gestación (RMG) en los bovinos durante toda su gestación. Al no ser fertilizado el CL el endometrio uterino secreta prostaglandinas F2α (PGF2α) causando la lisis del cuerpo lúteo. Los niveles séricos de la progesterona disminuyen generando desbloqueo del hipotálamo y secreción de la hormona liberadora de gonadotropinas (GnRH) para activar el eje hipotalámico-hipofisiario-gonadal que desarrolla folículos nuevos de 48 a 72 h posteriores e inicia un nuevo estro. La presente revisión bibliográfica detalla los mecanismos fisiológicos involucrados en la formación del cuerpo lúteo durante el ciclo estral de los bovinos.

Palabras clave

bovinos, cuerpo lúteo, progesterona, prostaglandinas, luteolisis.

Texto completo:

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Referencias

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